Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chapter 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity
 

Module 20.1 Structure and Function of the Lymphatic System
Learning Outcomes

1. Describe the major functions of the lymphatic system.
2. Compare and contrast lymphatic vessels and blood vessels in terms of structure and function.
3. Describe the mechanisms of lymph formation, and trace the pathway of lymph circulation through the body.
4. Describe the basic structure and cellular composition of lymphatic tissue, and relate them to the overall functions of the lymphatic system.
5. Describe the structures and functions of the lymphoid organs.

1. Identify the differences between innate and adaptive immunity, and explain how the two types of immunity work together.
2. Describe the basic differences between antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity.
3. Describe the roles that surface barriers play in immunity.
4. Describe the cells and proteins that make up the immune system.
5. Explain how the immune and lymphatic systems are connected structurally and functionally.

1. Describe the roles that phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells and plasma proteins such as complement and interferon play in innate immunity.
2. Walk through the stages of the inflammatory response, and describe its purpose.
3. Describe the process by which fever is generated, and explain its purpose.

1. Explain the differences between antigens, haptens, antigenic determinants, and self- antigens.
2. Describe the processes of T lymphocyte activation, differentiation, and proliferation, including the roles of antigen-presenting cells.
3. Compare and contrast the classes of T lymphocytes.
4. Describe the two types of major histocompatibility complex antigens, and explain their functions.
5. Describe the purpose of immunological memory, and explain how it develops.
6. Describe the process by which a transplanted organ or tissue is rejected, and explain how this may be prevented.

1. Describe the process of B cell activation and proliferation.
2. Describe the five major classes of antibodies, and explain their structure and functions.
3. Compare and contrast the primary and secondary immune responses.
4. Explain how vaccinations induce immunity.
5. Compare and contrast active immunity and passive immunity.

1. Describe how the immune and lymphatic systems work together to respond to internal and external threats.
2. Explain how the immune response differs for different types of threats.
3. Describe the immune response to cancerous cells.
4. Explain how certain pathogens can evade the immune response.

1. Describe the characteristics of the different types of hypersensitivity disorders.
2. Describe the common immunodeficiency disorders.
3. Explain why HIV targets certain cell types, and describe the effects this virus has on the immune system.
4. Describe the characteristics of common autoimmune disorders.